Combination tool



B. F. SHAUGVHNESSY coMBmATIQN TOOL Filed OCi.. 9. 1925 2 Sheets-Shea#1,615,410' Jan- 25 1927 B, F. sHAUGHNEssY COMBINATION Toor.

Filed oct. 9. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PATENT OFFICE.

BERNARD F. SHAUGHNESSY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

COMBINATION TOOL. p

Application led VOctober 9, 1925.

The present invention relates to combination tools, and aims to providea combination tool adapt/ed especially for use by machinists andmechanics in laying out and doing machine Work, andthe like, it beingthe object of the invention to provide a novel instrument for use inmachine shops and for other similar purposes which will combine severaluseful tools and give the device a Wide range of use.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a body Or base havinnovel means for attaching rulers or straig tedges of different sizesthereto and for fastening other objects to said body or base, in orderthat it has a Wide'range of use.

A further object is the provision ot an improved surface gage whereinthe stylus or needle may be adjusted in a 'simple and efficient manner.

.A still further object of vthe invention is to provide a 'surface gagewhich ymay be readily converted into a compass or dividers.

It is also an Object of the invention to improve the device generally inits construction and details to enhance the utility and efficiencythereof.

With the `i'orepming and other objects in view, which, Will be apparentas the description proceeds, the invention resides in the constructionand arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it beingunderstood that changes can be made Within the scope of what is claimed,without departing `from the spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the l'accompartying drawings, wherein-Figure '1 is a perspective viewl of thedevice as used as a surface gage,rulers or straightedges being shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 2 `is la side elevation of the device as seen `in Fig-. 1, with thebody or base and upper portion off the spindle rOr rod shown in section.

Fig. f3 is .a horizontal section taken on the line .3-43 of Fig. .2.

Fig. d Vis ain elevation showing the surface rgage converted into acompass or dividers, .the clamping bolt of the stylus or needle beingshown in sectionl Fig. i5 -is a section of the body, corresponding toFig. 2, 'showing `one arrangement in A@fastening a ruler or straighte geto fthe body.

Fig. 6 is a view corresponding to Fig.

Serial' No. 61,579.

5 showing another arrangementof `fastening a ruler or straightedge toVthe-body.

Fig. '7 is `a section' on lthe line 7 7 of Fic'. 5.

Fig. `8 is an elevation of a modified form of stylus or needle, thewedge being shown in section.

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

In carrying out the invention there is provi-ded a body or base 11 ofsuitable size and of rectangular form, which is provided 'with the slotor channel land the slot or groove 13. For convenience thebody 11 willbe Vdescribed in the position Vas shown in Figs. 1 and 2 when it servesas a base for the surface gage, although said body maybe disposed invarious positions when using saine for different purposes, as VWillhereinafter more fully appear. The slot 13 is located at the forward endof the body 11 and extends from side to side, while the channel '12 islocated in the bottom surface of the body, lWith the body `in theposition shown. The body 11 also has a bore or opening '14 extendinglongitudinally therethrough from its forward to `its rear end andintersecting the lower surface ofthe slot 13 and the upper surface ofthe channel 12. The base 11 'may be readily die cast so as lto berinexpensively manufactured, Without machine Work, and in order that thesurfaces ofthe body or block 11 will resist Wear, it being understoodthat the metal alloy used in die casting is not especially hard, Ysmallparticles of .steel or other hard metal may be distributed `throughoutAthe metal alloy of which the body yor block 11 is molded. Thus, thehard `particles may be mixed with the molten alloy before casting, andwill not melt, inasmuch as they Yare "of a higher melting pointtemperature Athan that of the metal alloy, so that l.When the body orblock is cast, the particles be distributed*throughout the mass. Thiswill distribute the particles throughout 'the isurfaces of the body orblock .and they will resist Wear.

A cylindrical nut 15 is slidabl'e Within 'the bore 14 for clam-pingrulers and other objects to the vbody 11, and adjusted by means of ascrew 16 disposed axially with in the bore 14 and lthreaded Within thenut. Said screw has a Yhead or knob 17 at the rear end ci the body 11with a neck portion '18 -iitted snugly for rotation within the rear endof the bore 14. Said portion 18 has an annular groove119 receiving ascrew or element 20' carried by the body 11 in order to swivel the screw16 withinthe body and prevent longitudinal displacementof said screwunless the screw 2O is removed.A By rotating the head or lmob 17 the nut15 is made to travel forwardly or rearwardly in the body 11.

The nut 15 isprovided at its forward end with an annular bead or ilange21 to engage in the longitudinal groove 22 ot a ruler or straightedge 23inserted into the slot 13. Thus, by sliding the ruler 23 longitudinallyoit' itself into the slot 13 the groove 22 may engage the flange 21,with the grooved side ot the ruler lowermost, and the opposite side ofthe ruler bears upwardly against the upper surlace ol'j the slot 13.Then, by turning the screw 16 the nut 15 may be moved rearwardlyvtoclamp the rear edge of the ruler or straightedge 23 against the rearsur- :tace or wall Vof the slot 13, as seen in Fig. 5. This will rigidlyclamp the ruler 23 to the body or block 11, and said body with the rulerattached may be used as a square, by placing either side ol' the body 11against an object with the ruler or straightedge 23 overlapping theobject, and the device may be used in various ways with the ruler andbody secured together. rlhe flange 21 is cut away, as at 24, so thatwhen the nut 15 is turned with said cutaway or flattened pore tion 24,parallel with the upper surface of the slot 13, the ruler 23 may bereadily slid into and outot the slot 13, and when the ruler ispositioned within said slot, the nut 15 may be turned so that the flange21 clamps, by cam action,the 'ruler 23 against the opposite surface of'the slot 13, as seen in Fig. 7. 1n this way, the llange 21 not onlyengages in the groove 22 for drawing the ruler 23 into the slot 13, butalso serves as a cam to clamp the ruler against the sur- :tace of theslot 13 opposite to said flange.

Thenut 15 is provided at its rear end with an annular `flange or collar25 projecting into the channel. 12, to provide means for securing arulerV or straightedge 26 or other object in the channel'12. r1`hus, theruler 26 or other object is positioned within the channel 12 between thecollar or flange 25 and the rear edge ot the channel 12, as seen in Fig.6, and by ladjusting the nut 15 rearwardly by rotating the screw 16, theruler or object 26 is clamped securely in place. With the ruler 26secured in the channel 12 the device may be used as a square, with thebottomor either side of the body 11 bearing against an object and theruler 26 overlapping the object. It is also possible to Secure a stylus,needle or other object in the channel 12' by clamping it between the nut15 and-the rear edge or wall of the channel 12.

Rulersy of diierent widths may be accommodated by the nut 15 in eitherthe slot 13 or the channel 12, the nut 15 being adjust able toaccommodate rulers of different sizes, as will be apparent.

1n order to prevent the nut 15 from rotating, but to permit of limitedturning movement of said nut, the collar or flange 25 has a lug 27within a groove 23 in the body 11 along one side of the bore or opening14. Said groove 28 is sulliciently wide to permit the uut 15 to turn alimited amount so that the portion 24 maybe moved to and from a positionparallel with the upper surface of the slot 13 for releasing andclamping the ruler 23. llVhen the screw 16 is turned in' one directionthis will turn the nut 15 to bring the portion 24 parallel with theupper surface of the slot 13 so that the ruler may be readily insertedin or removed from the slot 13, the lug 27 contacting with the loweredge or wall ot the groove 28. Then, when the ruler 23 is inserted andthe screw 16 rotated in the other direction to clamp the ruler 23 in theslot 13, the nut 15 is rotated so that the flange 21, will by camaction, clamp the ruler 23 against the upper suriace ot said slot 13.

The body or block 11 also serves as the base of the surface gage, andthe screw 16 is employed for securing the spindle or rod 29 to the body11 by means of a member 30. Said member 30 is of cylindrical form andhas a screw-threaded aperture so as to screw over the terminal ot thescrew 16, similar to a cap nut, and the member 30 has a diametricalthreaded aperture 0r opening 31 through which the lower terminal of thespindle or rod 29 is screw-threaded. In attaching the spindle or rod 29to the body 11,

the nut 15 is moved rearwardly so that the.

member 30 may be screw-threaded on the screw 16 without touching saidnut, and the spindle 29 is then `screw-threaded through the aperture 31.The screw 16 is then rotated to clamp the spindle 29 against the forwardend of the body 11, and said spindle 29 may be disposed vertically or inan inclined position.

A split clamp or slide 32 embraces the spindle 29 for sliding andturning movement, and has the spaced ears 33 provided with aperturesthrough which a clamping and pivot bolt 34 extends, and nuts 35 and 36are screw-threaded onv the opposite terminals of the bolt 34 to pressthe ears 33 together and secure the clamp 32 in adjusted position on thespindle 29. The stylus, needle or pointer 37 is composed ot resilientwire, and is formed between its ends or points with a loop 33 embracingthe bolt 34 to pivotally connect said stylus with the clamp or slide 32,permitting the stylus 37 to be adjusted to dill'erent angular positionsaround the axis of the bolt 34, which,

with the adjustment fof the clamp or slide 32on the kspindle 29, and theadjustment of the spindle 29 relatively to the body 11, will enable thestylus 37 to be given lits rough adjustment, while the stylus itself isadjustable to obtain a/fine or accurateadjustrnent. Thus, the bolt 34has a tapered or wedge portion 39 within the loop 38, and by tighteningthe nut 35 -so as to secure the clamp 32 on the spindle 29, the taperedportion 39 is drawn further into the loop 38, thereby expanding saidloop and springing' the stylus 37 in vorder to adjust the point orpoints thereof, so as to obtain an accurate adjustment. The nut 36 maythen be tightened to clamp the stylus 37 and its loop 38 against thecorresponding ear 33. lThis provides a simple and efl'ective means forobtaining the adjustment of the stylus, inasmuch as the rough adjustmentis quickly obtained, and then, by rotating the nut 35, the stylus itselfmay be sprung to obtain a fine or minute adjustment. v

`The spindle or rod 29, clamp 32, stylus or needle 37 and member 30 arealso used, inl combination with a needle or pointed member 40, as acompass, dividers, or the like. The needle 40 has a screw-threadedportion 4l` screw-threaded into the upper terminal of the spindle or rod29, which is tubular or hollow, so as to normally house the needle 40within said spindle. The needle 4() has a screw-threaded? terminalportion 43, and a collar 42 between the portions 41 and 43. The portion43 is screwthreaded similarly to the screw 16, so as to screw into themember 30,`as seen in Fig. 4. The needles 37 and 40 may be used as thescribers or points of the compass or dividers, and the clamp 32 may beadjusted on the rod or spindle 29 for obtaining a rough adjustment,after which the stylus or needle 37 may be sprung to obtain an accurateadjustment in the same way as when obtaining the fine adjustment whenusing the device as a surface gage as above described.

Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a modified form of stylus. The stylus 37extends through an aperture in the clamping bolt 34 of the clamp 32 sothat the stylus is clamped against the side of the clamp 32 when thenut- 35 on the bolt 34 is tightened, which also tightens the clamp 32 onthe rod or spindle 29. The stylus 37 has the loop or olfset portion 38that may be spaced more or less from the bolt 34, and a wedge 39 isdisposed within the open end of the loop 38 and has a stem 44 providedwith a slot 45 through which the yoke portion of the loop 38 extends. Anut 46 is screw-threaded on the stem 44 and bears against said yokeportion to draw the Wedge 39 into the loop 38 so as to spread orseparate the arms nf said loop and spring the` stvlus in oraer to obtainan accurate adjustment 'of the corresponding point or terminal of thestylus. The wedge 39 ,preferably has opposite grooves 47 receiving thearms of the loop 38 to prevent the wedge from turning and to maint-ainthe wedge 39 and loop 38 in proper yrelative position in the plane ofthe loop 38.

By the employment of the resilient stylus withl means for springing thestylus, it is possible to quickly'obtain a rough adjustment of thestylus, after which the stylus may be sprungto obtain an accurate`adjustment thereof, and the final adjustment of the stylus is obtainedwithout disturbing the other adjustments. The loop 38 of the stylus 37also enables the stylus to be readily applied to and removed from thebolt 34 by springing the loop 38 laterally over and oil? the bolt.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is l. In adevice of the character described, a resilient stylus comprising alength of wire .formed between its ends with a loop, and means forexpanding said loopn including a wedge portion movable into the loop.

2. In a device of the character described, a resilient stylus formedfrom a length Iof wire having a loop between its ends, and a pivot andclamping member extending through said loop and having a wedge p ortionto engage in the loop lfor expanding the loop, said stylus being adaptedto beturned aroundy said member on said wedge portion thereof. j Y,

3. In a device of the character described, a resilient stylus formedfrom a length of wire having a circular loop between its ends, and abolt having a tapered portion engaging in said loop to expand the loop,said loop being rotatable around said tapered portion.

4. In a device of the character described, an adjustable member, a boltcarried thereby, and a stylus having a resilient loop secured to saidmember by said bolt, the bolt having a portion to engage in and spreadsaid loop to adjust the stylus.

5. In a device of the character described, an adjustable member, a boltcarried by said member, and a resilient stylus having a resilient loopembracing said bolt, the bolt having a tapered portion engaging in saidloop to expand the loop when the bolt is tightened so as to spring thestylus.

6. In a device of the character described, a rod, a split clamp on therod, a bolt extending through said clamp, nuts on the terminals of saidbolt, and a stylus having a resilient loop embracing said bolt betweensaid clamp and one of said nuts, said bolt having a tapered portionengaging in said loop to expand the loop when the bolt is tightened.

lil@

7. In a device of the character described, a body having an opening, ascrevv sivivelled to the body Within said opening, a member having athreaded aperture to engage said Y screw and having another threadedaperture at an angle to the iirstnamed aperture, a spindle to engage inthe secondnamed aper` ture and to be clamped against said body, and astylus carried by said spindle.

8. A device according yto claim 7, in combination with a needle having ascrewthreaded port-ion to engage in the first mentioned aperture oi saidmember when said member is detached from said screw.

9. A device of the character described comprising a body having anopening, a screw sivivelled to said body and located Within saidopening, a member having a screw-threaded aperture to engage said screwand a screw-threaded aperture at an angle to the irstnamed aperture, aspindle having one terminal screw-threaded to engage in the secondnamedaperture and to be clamped against said body, and a stylus mounted onsaid spindle, in combination with a needle removably disposed in theother terminal of said spindle and having a screw-threaded terminalopposite to the pointed end of the needle to engage in the irstnamedaperture of said member When said member is disengaged from said screw.

l0. In a device of the character described, a body havingn a slot, astraight edge in said slot having a groove at one side, a screwsivivelled to said body, and a nut on the screw mounted 1"'or limitedturning movement in said body, said nut having a flange to engage insaid groove and formed to have a cam action by the turning movement ofthe nut to clamp the, straightedge against the opposite side of theslot.

11. In a device of the character described, a body having a slot and anopening intersecting said slot, a straightedge disposed in said slot andhaving a groove, a screw sivivelled to said body in said opening, and anut mounted on the screw and movable in said opening, said nut Abeing`adapted to turn in said opening and having a flange to engage in thegroove of said straightedge and provided with a portion to engage anddisengage the st-raightedge When the nut is turned in said opening.

l2. In a device of the character described, a body having a slot and anopening intersecting said slot, a straightedge in said slot having agroove, a screw swivelled to said body Within said opening, and acylindrical nut on the screw Within said opening having a flange toengage in said groove, said flange being formed to clamp, by cam action,the straightedge against the opposite side of the slot when the nut isturned by the rotation of the screw in one direction, the body having agroove extending along said opening, and the nut having a lug in saidgroove to limit the turning movement of the nut.

In testimony Whereoi I hereunto afX my signature.

B. F. SHAUGHNESSY.

